摘要: The genus Diomus Mulsant, 1850(Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Diomini) from China is herein revised. Five species of Diomus are occurring in the Chinese fauna to date, including a new species from the Dafushan Mountains Forest Park, Guangzhou, Guangdong, namely D.dafushanensis Bi, Peng & Chen, sp. nov. Nomenclatural history, diagnosis, illustrations and distribution were provided for each species. A key to the native species of Diomus from China is also presented.

摘要: Specimens of the crane fly genus Helius Lepeletier & Serville, 1828 from Sichuan,China are examined and studied. Three Helius species all belonging to the nominotypical subgenus are recognized, of which H.(H.) pallidissimoides Xu, Ma & Zhang, sp. nov. is described and illustrated as new to science, and H.(H.) pallidissimus Alexander, 1930 and H.(H.) franckianus Alexander, 1940 are redescribed and illustrated. For the first time, descriptions and illustrations are provided for the male of H.(H.) pallidissimus and the female of H.(H.)franckianus.

摘要: In this study, we review the Rheotanytarsus acerbus species group based on adult males from China. Two new species, R. cangshanensis Lin & Yao, sp. nov. and R. yamamotoi Lin & Yao, sp. nov., are described. R. adjectus(Johannsen, 1932) is re-described for its new record from China. A world key to adult males of acerbus species group is provided for the first time.

摘要: A new freshwater opecoelid species, Sphaerostoma tamarae sp. nov., is described from Rhynchocypris percnura mantschurica caught in the Syumnyur River(Amur River basin,Russia). This parasite species differs from all other congeners in the distribution of the vitelline follicles(restricted to the hindbody) and the morphology of the ventral sucker(strongly protuberant). Molecular phylogenetic analysis based on 28S rRNA gene sequences and the morphological analysis allow to tentatively assign the new species to the genus Sphaerostoma,without closing the question regarding the true genus affiliation of this species. In addition, the authors provide an argument for renaming the Plagioporinae to the Sphaerostomatinae.

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摘要: We present a comprehensive catalog with an updated database of the fossil record of Diplopoda in the world. Taxonomic data was collected from descriptions and reports published from 1854 to the present. We also include new records from Mexican amber(Upper Oligocene-Lower Miocene), counting 83 unknown fossil inclusions, with the first records of the orders Polyxenida, Platydesmida, and Julida, as well as the families Sphaeriodesmidae and Trichopolydesmidae within Polydesmida. According to our results, Diplopoda counts 413 records featuring 299 distinct taxa ranging from the Middle Silurian to the Upper Pleistocene, representing three subclasses, two subterclasses, six superorders, 25 orders, 15 superfamilies, 55 families, 93 genera, and 161 fossil species. To date, no fossils of the order Siphonocryptida have been reported. The fossil record extends over three geological eras: the Paleozoic, with 161 taxa, including 97 species; the Mesozoic, with 53 taxa and 22 species; and the Cenozoic, with 85 taxa and 42 species. The referred material shows different forms of fossil preservation. It comprises 123 impressions, 99 compressions, 26 ichnites, predominantly from Paleozoic and Mesozoic sediments, and 165 amber inclusions from late Mesozoic and Cenozoic sites. Thus, this catalog allows us to estimate the size and taxonomic composition of Diplopoda in the fossil record worldwide.

摘要: The vampire squid, Vampyroteuthis infernalis Chun, 1903, is currently the only extant species in the family Vampyroteuthidae Chun, 1903. However, specimens from the Gulf of Guinea, Africa, and California suggested the possibility of additional taxa. Here, we report the second species of Vampyroteuthis, collected from the South China Sea, China, which differs from V. infernalis by its tail shape, lower beak, photophores position, and the phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial COI and nuclear large subunit ribosomal DNA(LSU) sequences: V. infernalis present by the lacking of the tail, photophores located approximately one-third of the points between the fins and end, and the lower beak with a broad, short wing; V. pseudoinfernalis Qiu, Liu & Huang, sp. nov. present by an acuate tail, a pair of photophores located at the midpoints between the fins and tail, and a lower beak with a broad, elongate wing.

摘要: A new species, Sclerodermus alternatusi Yang, sp. nov.(Hymenoptera:Bethylidae),is described and illustrated. Its cerambycid host, Monochamus alternatus Hope, a severe wood borerattackingmanypinetrees(Pinusspp.),isalsoavectorofpinewoodnematode,Bursaphelencusxylophilus,whichcauseseveredamagestopineforestsinChina.Thenew species is a gregarious ectoparasitoid of junior larva of M. alternatus. The number of adult wasps reared from a single host larva ranges from 6 to 45. The ratio of female to male is 20:1. The new parasitoid species has a high potential in using as a biocontrol agent for the wood borer.Diagnosis of the new species with comparisons to its related species, S. pupariae Yang&Yao and a key to known species of Sclerodermus from China is provided.

摘要: Species are not only the fundamental units of taxonomy but also the basic units of pest management. Insects of Conogethes are important agricultural and forestry pests. However,speciesboundarieswithinConogethesoftenappearobscure.Inthepresentstudy,wereevaluated the species status of Conogethes by applying three species delimitation approaches based on the mitochondrial DNA sequences, with particular emphasis on the yellow peach moth C.punctiferalis(Guenée,1854).Wefirstoptimizedspeciesdelimitationandinter-species genetic divergence threshold using a DNA barcoding dataset. The results revealed that several nominal species of Conogethes species harbored deeply diverged mitochondrial lineages which were recognizedasindependentspecies bythespecies delimitationmethods. Thep-distance between the delimited putative species ranged from 0.0159 to 0.1321 with a mean of 0.0841.Then we refined the species status of C. punctiferalis using the smallest interspecific distance thresholdbasedonageographicallycomprehensivepopulation-scaledataset. Thisprocedure narrowedthespeciesconceptofC.punctiferalistoageneticallycoherentunit.Further investigation of its intraspecific divergence in the geographic context revealed that the refined C.punctiferaliswasstillwidelydistributedwiththesameorhighlysimilarmitochondrial haplotypes occurring across South and East Asia.