摘要: The Asian swamp eel (putatively Monopterus albus) is recognized as one of the most economically significant specialty freshwater fishes in China. Nonetheless, there is a lack of systematic research on eel population genetics utilizing genome-wide analyses. This study sequenced the genomes of 559 eel samples from 37 regions in Asia, identifying 82.71 million single nucleotide polymorphisms and revealing the existence of multiple genetic structure breaks in the eel population. Combining phylogenetic and population structure analyses with genetic differentiation and kinship heat maps, we classified Asian swamp eel populations into three clusters at the macroscopic level and hypothesized that they each belonged to different species within the genus Monopterus. These findings reveal cryptic and complex diversification, attributed to geographical isolation and both artificial and natural selection. Furthermore, we analyzed the evolutionary origins of the eel based on the available data and hypothesized that it originated in the South Asian subcontinent of Bangladesh. This work determined the evolutionary history and genetic diversity of eel populations, alongside the selection mechanisms potentially influencing their adaptations. These findings will provide new insights into the genetic structure of the species, aimed at establishing a foundation for the conservation and management of eel genetic diversity and the selection of high-quality germplasm in the future.

摘要: Pacific white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) is a globally important aquaculture species, prized for its adaptability, high yield, and economic value. Growth traits are key determinants of aquaculture profitability, making it essential to understand their genetic basis. In this study, we performed whole-genome sequencing of 996 individual P. vannamei, identifying 2,706,353 high-quality SNPs through genotyping and imputation. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) revealed six quantitative trait loci (QTLs) on linkage group (LG) 2, 25, 26, and 37, with 30 SNPs significantly associated with body length. The most significant associations were located on LG37, encompassing PDE11A, SAAL, IAO-like, and several other genes potentially involved in molting and growth regulation. Functional validation through RNA interference demonstrated that silencing PDE11A and SAAL significantly reduced growth, confirming their critical role in growth modulation. This integrative approach, combining a GWAS with functional genomics, sheds light on the molecular mechanisms governing in P. vannamei. The identification and validation of PDE11A and SAAL as key growth-related genes offer valuable insights for developing selective breeding strategies to improve growth traits in aquaculture species.

摘要: 为研究黑鲷自体受精子代的遗传信息变化,采用全基因组重测序分析了3个黑鲷自体受精子代家系群体（BP246、BP291及BP384）的单核苷酸多态性（SNP）及遗传纯合等情况。3个群体共鉴定出3991267个SNP多态位点,其中位于内含子区位点占比最大（47.42%）;子代平均纯合位点占比（69.11%）显著高于亲本（38.49%）;BP246、BP291及BP384的观测杂合度（H_o）依次分别为0.2986、0.2875及0.2805,均低于各自的期望杂合度（H_e）0.3947、0.3946及0.3946;分析遗传分化指数(F_st)、主成分聚类及系统发育树结果得出子代群体间存在较高遗传分化;群体中共检测出10991个连续纯合片段（ROH）,其中<1 Mb短片段占52.5%,>2.5 Mb长片段占9.4%;于5个染色体中检测、鉴定出13个ROH岛,注释出到468个基因,其中显著富集到64个可能与生长、免疫等关键性状相关的候选基因,主要分布于钙信号（CACNA1S）、能量代谢（AMPD、ADCY5/6）、DNA修复（RAD18）及免疫调节（PIK3CA＿B＿D）等通路。研究结果为黑鲷育种策略的精细化构建及自交遗传学研究等提供科学依据。

摘要: 本研究基于单核苷酸多态性(SNP)位点,解析了黄鳍棘鲷(Acanthopagrus latus)对4种环境因子(温度、盐度、pH和溶解氧)的适应性机制。通过对10个地理群体99个个体的2b-RAD测序,共得到81044个高质量SNP位点,并结合采样海域的环境因子数据进行了基因组关联分析(GWAS)。结果显示,与温度、盐度、pH和溶解氧显著相关的SNP位点分别为275、274、344和266个。这些位点上的基因GO富集到3大分类的结果相同,主要富集在细胞过程、细胞和细胞部分以及结合等条目中,涉及细胞周期、代谢、免疫反应等重要功能。KEGG注释结果显示,与4种环境因子显著相关的基因在有机系统和环境信息处理这两个分类上富集到的条目最多,富集到其余3个分类中条目较少。此外与多种环境因子相关的基因在轴突引导、GnRH分泌、神经活性配体-受体相互作用等通路中显著富集,说明这些与环境因子相关的基因并不是孤立发挥作用,而是组成了复杂的基因调控网络。本研究不仅揭示了黄鳍棘鲷不同地理群体对环境因子的潜在适应性机制,还为海洋鱼类的本地适应性研究提供了新的视角,为黄鳍棘鲷的生态保护和渔业资源管理提供了科学依据。