摘要: ob基因编码的leptin蛋白在调节生物体能量平衡中起到重要作用。本研究应用Taqman探针real time PCR技术对高原鼠兔ob基因的组织分布进行检测。通过提取不同组织总RNA,经DNase I消化后,用随机引物进行反转录合成cDNA,采用特异性Taqman探针和引物分别对ob基因及β-actin基因进行实时定量PCR扩增,对不同组织中ob基因和β-actin基因的初始拷贝数之比进行比较。结果表明ob基因在脑、心脏、肺、肝脏、脾脏、肾脏、骨骼肌、脂肪组织中均有表达,其中以白色脂肪组织中ob基因表达量最高,其次为心脏和肺,表达量最低的是肝脏和肾脏。

摘要: Intensification of the agricultural production has lead to changes in landscape structure and composition of the ecosystem. In order to assess the effect of set aside on wood mouse(Apodemus sylvaticus)population dynamics, we had used a mark and recapture method to study a wood mouse population from November 2003 to December 2004 in the set aside area in Belp in northern Switzerland. The population dynamics of the wood mouse shows a seasonal fluctuation the population of wood mice increased in the autumn or winter to a peak and declined to a trough in the summer. We considered that the main reason for this result was habitat quality. In the set aside area, vegetation coverage is high, food resource are plentiful and varied, and there is less human disturbance. These advantages are responsible for the movement of the wood mouse living in the farmland to the set aside area. The ploughing of farmland has worsened the habitat quality for wood mouse in the farmland, thus the wood mouse was forced to move into the set aside area, and the population density increased. In the set aside, recapture rate of wood mice is low, but recruitment into the population is high. There was a significant difference in body weight between the sexes among common voles.

摘要: In the paper, DNA fingerprinting patterns of common vole (Microtus arvalis) were detected with HindIII, HinfI and microsatellite probe (GTG) 5 .The results showed that legible DNA fingerprints were not produced with HindIII and probe (GTG) 5, however HinfI and probe (GTG)5 produced abundantly informative DNA fingerprints. DNA fingerprints were individual-specific and represented higher polymorphism in number, intensity and distribution bands among individuals. The band-sharing rates (BSR) between individuals were determined by the DNA fingerprints. The average band numbers and average band-sharing rates in fragment length region (FLR) of >2.3 kb were 29.625±5.012 and 0.388±0.083 respectively. Correlative fingerprint-data with the population were calculated from average BSR. In this study, a technical basis is established for application of multilocus DNA fingerprinting in common vole.

摘要: 为探讨高原鼠兔对土壤理化性质的作用,本研究于2005年8月,采用灼烧和烘干法,分别测定了高原鼠兔栖息及被灭杀地区土壤有机质含量及湿度。结果表明:高原鼠兔栖息地区,0～5cm及6～10cm土壤层有机质含量和湿度均极显著或显著高于被灭杀地区;11～30cm土壤层,二者无显著的差异;31～50cm土壤层,有机质含量差异极显著,而土壤湿度则无显著差异。说明,高原鼠兔活动可增加高寒草甸土壤表层有机质含量和湿度,进而改变土壤理化性质,促进生态系统物质循环。

摘要: 小型哺乳动物的体脂含量与免疫功能有关,并受环境条件的影响。为了进一步理解野生长爪沙鼠对环境的生存适应策略,我们于2004年夏季(7～8月)和2005年冬季(1～3月)测定了野生长爪沙鼠的体重、体脂含量和脏器重量,以及由匙孔血蓝蛋白(KLH)对雄鼠所介导的体液免疫反应。结果发现:雄鼠的胴体干重和体脂含量都显著高于雌鼠,其他各项指标无性别差异。冬季雌雄沙鼠的体重、胴体干重、体脂含量和褐色脂肪组织的湿重,以及雄鼠的睾丸湿重都显著高于夏季。脾脏的重量冬季趋于降低。处理组(注射KLH)动物血清中抗KLH抗体的含量在冬季和夏季都显著高于对照组(注射生理盐水),且冬季处理组显著高于夏季处理组。本研究结果为动物种群调节的“冬季免疫增强假说”提供了一个新的野外例证。没有检测到免疫器官和产热器官、免疫器官和繁殖器官之间的权衡关系。