摘要: 本文对饲养条件下林麝妊娠期和哺乳期的能量需要和行为特征进行了研究。结果表明，妊娠初期和妊娠后期能量摄取量分别比孕前增加了４８．９％和９５．６％。哺乳期总摄入能比妊娠期分别高２．２７倍（双胎）和１．８９倍（单胎）。根据在繁殖期对麝的行为观察，我们推断：麝是通过增加采食时间来增加能量的摄取，并通过减少活动，增加躺卧时间来减少能量消耗，以此满足繁殖期的能量需要。这些将结果为制定麝繁殖期的饲养标准和管理措施提供了依据。

摘要: 以内蒙古地区２８种仓鼠科动物为分类单位，以形态特征为主兼顾头骨结构、牙齿构造和生活方式，列出４６项特征，用系统聚类分析和主分量分析，对这些动物进行数值分类。结果表明，麝鼠以其特异性特征从田鼠亚科中分离出来，单独构成一个亚科，其余各种的分类结果与传统分类处理结果一致。系统聚类分析以不加权的对群成聚的算术平均法（ＵＰＧＭＡ）得出的分类结果最好，主分量分析同时得出各项特征在前三维主分量上的分布图，并根据特征在前１９维主分量上的累计贡献率大小，选取１５个特征构成对所研究动物的数值分类检索表。

摘要: 为探讨食虫目小型哺乳动物的代谢产热和体温调节特征,本文采用封闭式流体压力呼吸仪测定了北小麝鼩在环境温度5～30℃下的静止代谢率(RMR),结果显示:在环境温度(Ta)为17.5～25℃的范围内,北小麝鼩的体温基本维持恒定,平均体温为36.55±0.38℃;热中性区(TNZ)为20～25℃;基础代谢率BMR为5.46±0.23(mLO2/g.h),其中环境温度在25℃时静止代谢率最低,为4.84±0.39(mLO2/g.h)。在5～25℃环境温度范围内,热传导值保持稳定;在此温度范围内,北小麝鼩的热传导率(C)最低,平均为0.42±0.01mLO2/(g.h.℃)。总之,北小麝鼩的产热和体温调节特征为较高的BMR,中等的热传导率,较低的体温和较宽的热中性区。这些特征可能与该物种体型小、夜行性、主要以无脊椎动物为食等生活习性密切相关。

摘要: We analyzed 254 deaths caused by diseases in captive Alpine musk deer (Moschus chrysogaster) from 1998 to 2005 at the Xinglongshan Musk Deer Farm,Gansu.Among the eight categories of diseases,respiratory system diseases had the highest incidence rate of 26.8%, followed by motor system diseases (16.5%), digestive and nutritive diseases (14.6%), unidentified diseases (14.2%),cardiovascular system diseases (13%),urinary system diseases (9.8%),nervous system diseases (3.5%), and reproductive system diseases (1.6%).The percentages of dead males were higher than those of the females for deaths caused by digestive system and nutritive diseases(♂62.2%),cardiovascular system diseases (60.6%), nervous system diseases (66.7%), unidentified diseases (61.1%), and particularly the urinary system diseases (up to 84%), and the male to female ratio of deaths caused by all the diseases was (♂∶♀) 1∶0.76, showing a male-skewed mortality. The mortality of newborn and fawns was relatively high, and the percentage of deaths in one-and two-year-old deer was 51.6% of the total, but those decreased with deer age. The relationship between the economic benefit in the farming of musk deer and the prevention of diseases were discussed. Finally, we offered a strategy to control the incidence of diseases by regarding the musk deer as a solitary species.

摘要: 2006年春季,使用红外夜间观察记录仪,对崇明东平麝场12只成年林麝(8雌,4雄)的行为进行了24h昼夜连续观察。发现春季林麝的行为有37种,可归并为休息、摄食、运动、社会、维持和排遗6大行为类型,据此,建构了春季林麝的行为谱。根据各行为持续时间比率和频次分析表明,林麝的主要行为为休息;雌麝的摄食行为所占的比率高于雄麝,这是由于春季雌麝妊娠的能量需求较高所致。活动节律呈典型的晨昏双峰型,清晨(4:00～6:00)和傍晚(17:00～19:00)为活动高峰;夜间活动性显著高于白天。