摘要: 目的比较C57BL/6J和129/SvJ两种不同遗传背景及其杂交一代(F1)在行为学表型上的差异。方法将C57BL/6J小鼠和129/SvJ小鼠交配繁育,得到两种F1小鼠129B6F1和B6129F1,连同C57BL/6J和129/SvJ按照不同性别分为8组,每组小鼠数量n≥12,进行旷场活动、悬尾、水迷宫、被动回避、热板实验等行为学研究,分别从焦虑、抑郁、学习记忆、热痛四个方面比较C57BL/6J和129/SvJ小鼠及F1小鼠的行为表现。结果在旷场活动中,与129/SvJ比较,F1在外周、边缘的活动差异显著(P<0.01);在悬尾活动中,F1的行为没有显著性差异;在水迷宫和被动回避活动中,与C57BL/6J比较,F1寻找到平台的潜伏期和进入暗箱的潜伏期差异显著(P<0.05)。结论 F1的不同行为表型受到亲代的不同遗传背景影响。

摘要: 目的建立基于多重PCR靶向二代测序的小鼠遗传质量监测方案。方法从小鼠单核苷酸多态性(SNP)数据库筛选出相对均匀分布在20条染色体上的112个SNP位点,然后对SNP位点附近片段进行多重PCR扩增,建库后进行Illumina高通量测序,对原始测序数据进行生物信息学分析获得SNP信息。结果测序结果显示,多重PCR的扩增子均一性好,各片段成功率高达90%以上,特异性高,高深度测序条件下, SNP位点的等位基因比例趋近于1或0,符合纯合子条件;分析4批近交系小鼠样本,表明SNP位点成功鉴定的比例分别为99.82%, 92.00%, 99.10%和90.35%,且所有小鼠品系个体的SNP位点均为纯合,并被成功确定为目标品系;品系间两两比较,最大差异数为73个,最小差异数为3个,差异位点平均数为53个,差异中位数为60个,显示出本方案对常见近交系小鼠品系分辨率较高。结论多重PCR靶向二代测序方案的SNP分型方案是一种准确、快速、高效的基因分型方案,可用于遗传质量检测和品系鉴定。

摘要: 本文在建立和引进实验小鼠超排卵技术、卵采集技术、胚胎输卵管移植技术的基础上 ,应用小鼠初期胚的快速冷冻复苏法对实验小鼠C5 7BL 6J、BDF1 、A wy及昆明种小鼠进行了初期胚的冷冻保存与仔鼠存活率的研究 ,并将冷冻复苏胚与非冷冻胚经移植后的生存率作了比较 ,均取得了重复性的结果 ,可望为实验小鼠胚胎种子库提供参考依据。

摘要: 以近交系小鼠C5 7BL 6J、BDF1 小鼠作为供体胚小鼠 ,封闭群昆明种小鼠作为代母 ,对实验小鼠胚胎移植的三种方法 ,即 :对小鼠受精卵 (或 2个细胞期胚 )经由代母输卵管口移植、经由代母输卵管壁移植及对小鼠进行子宫移植 (8细胞期胚 )的方法了进行实验研究 ,并对各方法适于使用的动物对象、实验要求、产仔率、优势与不足等做了进一步的探讨 ,为今后的实验动物与动物实验提供参考依据

摘要: The aim of genetic monitoring is to checking the genetic contamination within inbred starains,which insures that the strains according with the require of colony . At present the methods based on allozyme biochemistry are the National Standard instructed. methods that using microsatellite DNA would be more useful for genetic monitoring than methods based on allozyme biochemistry because the genome itself is being tested rather than a protein product and a larger portion of the genome can be sampled, and easy to distinguish. methods that using microsatellite DNA had abundant microsatellite loci(over 7300,before 1999) can be identified. Applying enough microsatellite loci will present abundant straps and well polymorphism, which can reflection inherit and variation of roundly genene.In addition, this novel approach allows the rapid, sensitive,convenientand accuracy, even individual identificaton. So we should select microsatellite DNA which is polymorphisms as genetic monitoring markers to determining the strains'origin and genetic background of inbred mice. Untill now Only feasibility has been reported,and in which microsatellite DNA loci have not enough polymorphisms to distinguish genetic differences.Articles on standards and practicality have not been founded in our country. With the optimization of components of reaction buffer and amplificaton parameter,PCR for amplification microsatellite DNA was finally set up.Using the techniques microsatellite DNA can amplified efficaciously. The final concentrations of Mg 2+ was 1 .5—3.0 mmol/L,annealing temperature was 50℃—65℃.The condition for the PCR amplify were ,94℃for 3min,30cycles of 94℃ for 30s, 50℃—65℃ for 30s,72℃ for 1min,finally at 72℃ for 1min,then store at 4℃. Ten kinds of inbred strain mice including C57BL/6J,C3H/He, TA1,TA 2,615,BALB/c ,DBA/2N,129/Sv,FVB/N,AMMS/1 were investigated by PCR analysis. 14 microsatellites DNA loci on different chromosomes which we selected applied in genetic monitoring is the first time on 10 commonly used inbred mouse strains. It showed that all these microsatellites DNA loci display single allelic gene band. Fourteen loci are polymorphisms, among which the polymorphisms of D1Mit365、D2Mit30、D3Mit51、D5Mit48、D6Mit102、D10Mit180、D11Mit128、D12Mit147、D14Mit102 and D17Mit36 are significant .These results suggest that these mice tested meet the request of inbred strain. The genetic background of TA1 was similar with that of TA 2,the similarity indices were from 14.3%( C57 between 129)to 92.9%( TA1 between TA 2).This means that TA1 and TA 2 had closer genetic relationship, C57 and 129 had farther relationship. In addition , the similarity indices of BALB/c and BALB/c-nu-nu was 92.9%,All show that strains or substrains can be distinguished by microsatellites DNA. Screened loci showing marked polymorphisms typically reflect the speciality of strains and genetic backgrounds, which could be used in determining the strains' origin and genetic background of mice.