摘要: 为了研究繁殖期雌性蓝狐(Alopexlagopus)类固醇激素含量、发情表现与性器官组织学结构之间的关系,于2019年选取繁殖期不同发情状况的雌性蓝狐,共18只,分为典型发情、非典型发情和不发情3组。通过无损伤取样法采集粪便与尿液并通过放射免疫法(RIA)测定孕酮(P)和雌二醇(E2)的含量;每组选取1只在发情并输精的当天取卵巢和子宫,进行组织学观察。结果显示,所测定典型发情、非典型发情、不发情蓝狐类固醇激素水平,雌二醇在尿液中的含量显著高于粪便,且在不同组间差异明显,尤其在典型发情组更高,达到(11 065.17±546.76)ng/L;孕酮含量尿液与粪样差异不大,孕酮含量在典型发情雌性蓝狐粪便与尿液含量差异不显著,但在不发情雌性蓝狐中差异显著,为(16.61±0.63)μg/L。粪尿测定孕酮和雌二醇激素含量与三组不同情况的发情表现相比相关性显著。粪、尿作为类固醇激素检测样本,虽然含量有差异,但变化趋势一致,都可使用。卵巢与子宫在典型发情雌性蓝狐中体积较大,卵巢可见各级卵泡和多个黄体,子宫黏膜上皮为柱状上皮,排列紧密,固有层内可见大量腺体;非典型发情雌性蓝狐卵巢、子宫发育状况与典型发情雌性蓝狐相类似;不发情雌性蓝狐卵巢、子宫呈静息状态,卵巢中卵泡多处于闭锁状态,无卵母细胞,也无黄体,固有层间质细胞及肌层肌细胞排列更为紧密。说明检测孕酮和雌二醇激素的含量,可以准确判定蓝狐发情的状态。

摘要: 为探究发情期及妊娠期雌性蓝狐(Alopex lagopus)生殖激素的变化规律,选取11只繁殖期雌性蓝狐,采用放射免疫法(RIA)测定血清中雌二醇(E2)、促黄体生成素(LH)、促卵泡素(FSH)、孕酮(P)以及催乳素(PRL)的含量。结果表明,促卵泡素和促黄体生成素在发情期及妊娠期血清中浓度一直处于较稳定水平,并呈波动式分泌,最大值分别为(2.18±0.69)U/L和(8.82±1.83)U/L,同种激素不同检测日期数据两两比较差异不显著(P> 0.05);雌二醇在发情期和妊娠期血清中浓度亦处于较稳定水平,最大值出现在发情第1天,为(27.73±23.19)ng/L,数据两两比较差异亦不显著(P> 0.05);孕酮在发情期维持较高水平,最大值在发情第3天,为(2.41±1.35)μg/L,之后在妊娠期持续下降,分娩当天达到最低点,为(0.13±0.14)μg/L,数据两两比较差异显著(P <0.05);催乳素在发情期先下降,最低值为(0.15±0.04)U/L,第3天开始升高,并在妊娠期保持较高水平,到分娩时维持最高(0.21±0.05)U/L,数据两两比较差异不显著(P> 0.05)。初步探索了5种激素含量在发情和妊娠期间的动态变化,为养殖蓝狐的生殖生理提供参考数据。

摘要: 人工采取 6只优质芬兰雄性蓝狐精液 ,利用不同OEP及卵黄含量的Tris 果糖 -柠檬酸钠稀释液稀释 ,制成细管冻精 ,透射电镜下观察精子冷冻前后质膜和顶体超微结构 ,荧光免疫方法检测不同培养时间冻融精子的质量。结果表明 ,蓝狐精子顶体外膜双层膜的厚度为 0 0 2 0 μm ,冷冻 -解冻过程中易发生质膜膨胀、顶体外膜融合现象。顶体产生的囊泡分两种类型 ,一种是体积较大的中空囊泡 ,平均直径为 1 2 5 μm。另一种是体积较小的实体囊泡 ,内充满顶体内容物 ,平均直径为 0 83μm ,两种囊泡的数量不定。OEP能有效抑制顶体囊泡形成 ,影响顶体囊泡类型、体积大小及囊泡数量 ,添加适宜剂量OEP能使顶体囊泡的体积明显缩小 ,囊泡的总数及中空囊泡的数量显著降低。蓝狐冻融精子质量与OEP及卵黄剂量有关 ,在卵黄存在的前提下 ,OEP有利于维持冻融过程中质膜 (5 6 3% )、顶体的完整性 (5 7 8% ) ,显著提高冻融精子活力 (5 4 7% )。在蓝狐精液稀释液中 ,OEP、卵黄的适宜含量分别为 1 %、 2 0 %

摘要: 在蓝狐不同生长期日粮中 ,分别添加不同剂量的复合酶制剂 ,利用饲养试验、消化代谢试验等实验手段 ,从营养学角度探讨复合酶制剂对蓝狐蛋白质消化和代谢的影响。研究结果表明 :复合酶制剂能有效提高蛋白质的消化率和代谢率。育成期 ,同对照组相比 ,III组粗蛋白 (CP)消化率和代谢率分别提高了 13 0 5 % (P <0 0 1)和 13 2 8% (P <0 0 5 ) ,在 6组中最高 ;长冬毛期 ,II组粗蛋白的消化率和代谢率最高 ,同对照组相比 ,分别提高了 10 4 3% (P <0 0 5 )和 10 0 9% (P <0 0 5 ) ;复合酶制剂对蓝狐消化、代谢的影响与其剂量有关 ,适宜剂量的复合酶制剂 ,均能有效提高蓝狐对蛋白质的消化、代谢机能 ,可在蓝狐养殖业中推广应用。从蓝狐养殖的经济效益分析 ,育成期复合酶的适宜添加剂量为 0 6 % ;而长冬毛期的适宜剂量为 0 4 %。

摘要: Immunohistochemical techniques incorporating the streptavidin peroxidase method were used to study the morphological structure and the distribution density of 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT),Somatostatin(SS),Gastrin(Gas),Glucagon(Glu),Pancreatic Polypeptide(PP) and Substance P(SP) in the digestive tract of the Arctic fox(Alopex lagopus).The results indicated that the shape of endocrine cells in the digestive tract were of many forms: round,ellipse or spindle shape.The endocrine cells were mainly located between the epithelia of the gastric gland,intestine and intestinal gland.The distributive density of 5-HT immunoreactive cells were the maximum in the colon,medium in the rectum and jejunum,and the least in the fundus,duodenum,ileum,and pylorus.They were not found in the esophagus,cardia or cecum.SS positive cells were located in the pylorus mostly,but were not detected in the esophagus,cardia and cecum.Gas positive cells were the most in the duodenum,while they were not found in the esophagus,cardia,colon,rectum and cecum.Glu positive cells were distributed in the pylorus,fundus and jejunum,but were not found in other parts of digestive tract.PP positive cells were the most in the jejunum,the second-most in frequency in the colon and rectum,while they were not found in the other parts.SP positive cells were mainly distributed in the pylorus,while fewer were found in the colon,and they were not found in other parts.The location of 5-HT positive cells were mostly distributed in the colon.SS,Gas,Glu and SP positive cells were mostly distributed in the pylorus,and PP positive cells were mostly distributed in the jejunum.