摘要: 东方田鼠是我国具有潜在应用价值的野生动物资源 ,我们从 1998年开始经历五年对它从生态学、动物学、病理学、遗传学、免疫学、分子生物学等方面进行的系列研究。不但进一步证实了它的抗日本血吸虫生物学特性 ,而且初步探讨了抗日本血吸虫的机理 ,成功地培育了封闭群东方田鼠 ,摸索了对它进行遗传监测的可能方法 ,对东方田鼠长江亚种和宁夏指名亚种基因组采用系统发育树分析方法 ,分析和比较了两个亚种的亲缘关系 ,显示它们的基因组DNA明显分为两大组别 ;此外 ,发现了新的病理生物学特征 ,开拓了应用领域。本文还从理论上论述了野生动物实验动物化和种质资源保护的研究策略 ,为今后工作提出了方向

摘要: 东方田鼠在实验动物化方面的研究经过多年地努力 ,已取得了一系列进展。本文就我国在东方田鼠分类、分布、形态、生态、实验室营养和环境、部分生物学特性、遗传学、微生物学和寄生虫学等方面的研究进展予以阐述 ,同时 ,提出了东方田鼠实验动物化尚需进一步研究的内容。

摘要: This paper was about the study on the mechanism of Microtus fortis against Schistosoma japonicum. Firstly, we confirmed that Microtus fortis came from epidemic region (Dongting Lake beaches) and non epidemic region (Qingtong Gorge in Ningxia province) were both resistant to Schistosoma japonicum infection after re infection tests for several times. It seemed that their resistant ability was inheritable rather than acquired. Secondly, it was demonstrated by in vivo check up and in vitro killing assay that there were some native antibodies of IgG3 subclass specifically to the schistosomula and adult worm of Schistosoma japonicum in Microtus fortis, which probably played an important role in resisting Schistosoma japonicum associated with complement. It was shown that macrophages and eosinophils in abdominal cavity of Microtus fortis had native ability of adhering to the schistosomula of Schistosoma japonicum. Then, the adult worm cDNA library of Schistosoma japonicum was screened with sera from Microtus fortis . Five positive clones were obtained, four of which were identified as new genes. Full length cDNA of the two new genes were isolated by RACE. DNA vaccine was constructed with one named EST mfs 3. After the Kunming mice immunized with this vaccine, the worm reduction rate and the egg reduction rate were 28.4% and 21.73% compared with that in control group respectively. This kind of DNA based EST mfs 3 vaccine was highly expressed in E.coli and induecd strong immune response in challenged group. Finally, two groups of cDNA probes prepared from liver and lung of Microtus fortis with or without Schistosoma japonicum infection were hybridized to the cDNA chip prepared from rat respectively. 156 and 332 genes revealed differential expression in infectious group compared with normal group. In conclusion, there would be many factors contribute to the mechanism of Microtus fortis against Schistosoma japonicum. We should stress the essentials and make further research on how to take advantage of them to defend us from Schistosoma japonicum infection.

摘要: The bio pathological changes in the closed breeding Microtus fortis (as a laboratory animal) were observed. Forty six cases of Microtus fortis were divided into 3 different age groups, and investigated by the pathological technique combined with the electron microscopey. Results showed pathologic changes of closed breeding Microfus fortis were located mainly in liver and lung with close relation to aging. Eight types of pathological changes were found. There were breast carcinoma and cryptorechism in indivignal cases. The electron microscopic characteristics of the breast carcinoma were different from that of KM mouse. Therefore, for establishing a standardized laboratory animal, it is necessary to do pathological monitoring for Micritus fortis as a routine, and then in term of the results of which the germs may be screened.

摘要: ConA(20μg/g) was injected to abdomen cavity of closed breeding Microtus fortis and after 24h Microtus fortis chromosomes was made through its marrow cells in general. The result showed there were more cells in spliting than that which was not injected in ConA (control group) to closed breeding Microtus fortis. In addition, there were no differences in shape of chromosome both the group ConA and the control group.