摘要: To elucidate the cause of prenatal and early postnatal death in giant panda, pathological studies have been carried out on paraffin-fixed tissue sections from two fetuses and four cubs. The fetuses appeared to have classical atrophic changes in lung and hemorrhage in multiple organs, whereas the cubs showed purulent inflammation in various organs, most profound in lung and umbilicus. Localized infusion of bacteria and neutrophils were identified in the focus. Acute enteritis and hepatitis were also observed, as well as purulent encephalitis in one case. Variable degrees of congestion, hemorrhage, denaturalization and putrescence were evident in heart, liver, spleen, kidney, intestines, and lymph nodes. The results indicated that the fetuses died from suffocation whereas the cubs died from infection.

摘要: 根据已报道的若干物种GHR基因cDNA序列设计引物 ,利用RT -PCR技术首次从大熊猫肝脏组织总RNA中扩增出GHR基因编码区全长cDNA序列 ,克隆于pGEM R○-T载体后进行测序和序列分析。结果表明 ,大熊猫GHR的ORF为 1917bp ,编码 6 38个氨基酸的前体蛋白 ,由 18个氨基酸的信号肽和 6 2 0个氨基酸的成熟肽组成 ,与人、狗、猪GHR结构相似 ,大熊猫GHR成熟肽由 2 4 6个氨基酸的胞外区、 2 4个氨基酸的跨膜区和 35 0个氨基酸的胞内区组成 ,并具GHR的特征性结构。序列相似性比较显示 ,大熊猫GHR与哺乳类GHR具有 6 9%～ 93%的高序列相似性 ,与爬行类和鸟类的序列相似性也达到 6 0 % ,而与鱼类的序列相似性较低 ,仅为 30 %左右。与其它哺乳动物GHR相比 ,大熊猫GHR在氨基酸序列上也存在明显的特异性

摘要: 采用双因子交叉分组 (2× 2 )试验设计方案 ,选用 2只亚成体大熊猫进行 5期 (第 5期用常规日粮 )消化试验 ,考察精料的蛋白质水平与能量浓度对亚成体大熊猫日粮消化率的影响。结果表明 :精料蛋白质水平对粗蛋白、半纤维素、能量的消化率均产生显著影响 (P <0 0 5 ) ,对粗脂肪消化率产生极显著影响 (P <0 0 1) ,(相关系数分别为 0 7830、 0 76 18、 0 5 5 0 4、 0 6 72 3) ;精料能量浓度对无氮浸出物、中性洗涤纤维、能量的消化率产生显著影响 (P <0 0 5 ) ,对粗脂肪消化率产生极显著影响 (P <0 0 1) ,(相关系数分别为 0 5 5 6 9、0 6 0 4 7、0 5 0 5 2、 0 74 11)。对无氮浸出物、中性洗涤纤维、能量的消化率而言 ,该 2个因素互作效应显著 (P <0 0 5 )。1～ 4试验期 ,粗脂肪、半纤维素 ,1～ 5试验期 ,粗脂肪、半纤维素、中性洗涤纤维、纤维素、总能量等项消化率与 2个因素线性回归达到显著性水平 (α =0 0 5 ) (其中粗脂肪及 1～ 5期半纤维素达到极显著 ,α =0 0 1)。从多重比较结果看 ,除木质素外 ,各项消化率均以第 1期为最高 ,因此 ,日粮配方 1(CP2×GE2即CP 2 0 6 1%×GE 19 5 3MJ/kg)是优选配方

摘要: Daily activity rhythms of three radio-collared captive red pandas were monitored individually at 15 minute intervals for 3 continuous days each month at Yele Nature Reserve, Xiangling Mountains, June-October 1995. Our data indicated that mean rate of activity(0.51)of captive red pandas was lower than that of wild red pandas. Three captive red pandas showed similar daily activity patterns, being least active during night and more active during daytime. Mean rate of activity during daylight(0.58)was higher than during nighttime (0.41). Daily mean durations of activity and rest were 12.21 hours and 11.79 hours, respectively. Active times of captive red pandas accounted for 50.6% of each 24 hours, of which 66.5% were recorded during daylight and 33.5% during night. Two active peaks appeared at 07:30-09:15 and 17:30-(19:00). We recorded a mean of 2.17, 2.13 and 0.88 long, mid-length, and short resting bouts daily, which had mean durations of 3.47, 1.65 and 0.87 hour, respectively. Among these long rests, 46.1% occurred during daytime and 53.8% during nighttime.

摘要: 建立大熊猫的精子库,进行远距离圈养大熊猫种群间的人工授精和遗传物质的转运,维持遗传多样性,是目前大熊猫遗传管理的优先方法。要成为最有效的工具,精子库保存的精子解冻后的活力必须很好。本文对大熊猫冷冻精液的解冻速度和解冻液中添加化学激活剂Pentyoxyfilline(PF)后的精子活力进行了试验。试验用的精液采自11只成年大熊猫,精液冷冻速度为每分钟-40℃～-100℃。试验Ⅰ:将冷冻精液放入3种不同温度的水浴中解冻:(1)22℃(慢速解冻);(2)37℃(中速解冻)(3)50℃(快速解冻)。将冷冻前精子活力(78 1±2 9%)和解冻后的平均精子活力进行比较,快速解冻后的精子活力(57 5±5 4%)显著地降低(P<0 05),而中速解冻的精子活力(67 5±3 1%)和慢速解冻的精子活力(73 33±2 1%)与冷冻前的活力接近。试验Ⅱ:使用中速解冻方法解冻精液后,分别加入最终浓度为0mM、1mM、5mM和10mM的PF,然后分别保温15min和24h。在PF(0mM、1mM、5mM和10mM)中分别孵育15min的解冻精子活力,运动状态,活率和顶体正常率在试验期的90min内都很相似(P>0 05)。在1mMPF中孵育24h的精子活力没有变化(P>0 05)。在5mM和10mMPF中孵育过的精子活力(5mM:24 0±4 7%;10mM19 5±3 6%)比没有加PF的对照组的精子活力(38 3±5 2%)显著地低(P<0 05)。而且,在10mM