摘要: Samples of liver,pancreas,stomach,kidney,intestine,lung,muscle,heart,skin,and brain from two stranded Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins(Sousa chinensis)near Xiamen harbor of China in April 2004 were analyzed for iron(Fe)concentration.The highest levels of Fe were found in the blood(2 471.0 μg/g,dry weight)and liver(2 968.2 μg/g,dry weight)of the animal XM20040429(female,body weight 86 kg,body length1.88 m,estimated age 2-3 year-old)and XM20040430(female,204 kg,2.45 m,4-5 year-old),respectively.In general,Fe concentrations were higher in blood,liver,lung,kidney and muscle than any other organs or tissues in both individuals,although there were obvious differences in body length,body weight and age between these two dolphins.This tissular distribution pattern of Fe concentration of Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins in the present study is similar to those of Dall's porpoises(Phocoenoides dalli),finless porpoises(Neophocaena phocaenoides)and striped dolphins(Stenella coeruleoalba)in the previous literatures.

摘要: One hundred and eighty-one boat surveys were conducted within 150 days between February and December, 2004 in Xiamen waters, which covered an area about 700 km2. A total of 102 separate sightings were recorded. Habitat selection (i.e., water depth, tidal conditions, and distance offshore) were analyzed by using selection frequency and x2-test. The results showed high level of selection for water depth under 20 meters and distance offshore within 1 000 meters, whereas no significant selection was found for tide level, water temperature or tide direction. In addition, for the purpose of providing fundamental information for conservation and management, the utilization of different sections of Xiamen waters was discussed. Furthermore, Xiamen west harbour and waters from Jiyu to Wuyu were identified as the ‘key habitats’ and Dadeng waters may serve as a ‘sanctuary’ for the Xiamen population.

摘要: Serum transferrins(Tf)of bottlenose dolphin(Tursiops truncatus)and Yangtze finless porpoise(Neophocaena phocaenoides asiaeorientalis)were analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(PAGE),and the molecular weight of bottlenose dolphin Tf was determined by sodium dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE).Bottlenose dolphin Tf and Yangtze finless porpoise Tf appeared to be β-globulins.Both species have five bands even though they belong to different families,which is more bands than previously reported for some fish and terrestrial mammals.The distance between the Tf bands was gradually less from the fastest band to the slowest band.The last two bands were close to each other.However,there were no difference among the two bottlenose dolphins and three finless porpoises.Bottlenose dolphin Tf is composed of two components,whose molecular weight disparity is about 3 000 Da.The Tf molecular weights from two bottlenose dolphins were 72 700 Da/69 900 Da and 73 100 Da/69 700 Da,respectively.These values are obviously lower than those in previous studies of humans,rabbits,rats,Guinea pigs,horses,dogs,mice and cats.

摘要: 北部湾是中华白海豚和江豚的重要分布区,但是对该水域两物种的分布格局及时空变化的研究却比较少,也不清楚这两个物种分布区是否有重叠。2003～2004年与2011～2012年期间,我们在北部湾沙田水域进行了船只调查,总计航程4876.8km,收集了两个物种空间分布的数据。结果表明,2003～2004年仅发现中华白海豚,2011～2012年则同时发现了中华白海豚和江豚。与2003～2004年4～5月相比,中华白海豚在2011年4～5月份的遇见率明显增加(0.152vs0.028头次/km)。中华白海豚的MCP、95%FK家域和50%FK核心域面积分别为162.6km2、271.35km2和56.78km2,2011～2012年50%FK核心家域有所扩大且东移。江豚的MCP、95%FK家域和50%FK核心域面积分别为97.21km2、318.72km2和38.18km2。江豚主要分布于中华白海豚的外围远岸水域,同时两个物种的分布区有小部分重叠。基于多种因素的分析,我们推测,江豚可能存在季节性迁移以及中华白海豚对河口区有明显的偏好,可能是造成它们分布格局不同的原因。

摘要: 厦门海域的中华白海豚是一个受威胁的种群。以往有关该种群的调查范围主要集中在厦门以及邻近的南部漳州海域。为了获得厦门岛东部海域(包括晋江围头湾、小嶝岛以及大嶝岛部分水域)白海豚的分布和数量等信息,本文于2013年6—8月对该水域进行了船基样线法调查和照相识别研究。调查期间共目击到白海豚26群,照相识别白海豚个体27头。所有照相识别的白海豚个体均与厦门中华白海豚个体识别数据库中的个体匹配,表明厦门中华白海豚的分布区至少向东延伸至围头湾。本文白海豚遇见率为5.8群/100 km和24.8头/100 km,均要高于以往在厦门水域的调查结果,表明大嶝岛—围头湾水域是厦门中华白海豚的重要栖息地之一,值得优先保护和管理。