摘要: 对2004年4月在厦门海域搁浅死亡的两头中华白海豚(Sousa chinensis)进行了肝脏、胰、胃、肾、肠、肺、肌肉、心脏等多组织微量元素锌(Zn)、铜(Cu)、汞(Hg)、铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)和砷(As)浓度的测定。两豚各组织总体上必需元素Zn、Cu浓度高于有毒元素Hg、Pb、Cd和As。XM20040430体内特别高的Zn、Hg、Pb、Cd浓度分别出现于皮肤(500μg/g干重)、肝脏(255μg/g干重)、肺(13.0μg/g干重)和肾(2.82μg/g干重)中,而Cu和As在各组织中的浓度较为相似。XM20040429体内仅肝脏中Zn(448μg/g干重)和Cu(52.0μg/g干重)的浓度远高于其他组织。虽然两海豚微量元素的总体积累多低于急性毒性水平,但有毒元素Hg、Pb、Cd、As的明显检出和XM20040429肝脏中异常高的Zn浓度均显示出进一步研究微量元素慢性胁迫效应的必要性。结果还显示厦门港海域近年来Hg、Cd、Pb污染未见减轻,As也明显检出,必须引起高度重视。今后有关水生哺乳动物中As积累的研究也有待加强。

摘要: 制备海藻酸钠-壳聚糖-海豚链球菌Srr蛋白微球疫苗,并检测其对斑点叉尾的免疫效果。采用乳化法利用海藻酸钠-壳聚糖包被Srr蛋白,测定其包封率、载药率及包被蛋白的抗原性;通过拌饲投喂免疫斑点叉尾,分为Srr组、Srr微球组、空微球组以及对照组,间接ELISA法检测免疫后斑点叉尾的血清抗体水平,试剂盒检测多项血清非特异性指标;于免疫后第4周利用海豚链球菌攻毒,计算各组相对保护率,并通过实时荧光定量PCR检测相关基因的表达量。结果显示,通过乳化法制得形态为圆形或椭圆形、大小较为均一的微球疫苗,粒径为(4.26±1.13)μm,包封率为92.38%,载药率为19.41%,Western-blot分析表明Srr蛋白微球具有较好的抗原性;Srr微球组的抗体效价峰值出现在第4周,明显高于其他组,血清总蛋白、T-SOD以及溶菌酶活力均显著或极显著高于其他实验组,并获得60%的相对保护率。荧光定量分析结果显示,Srr微球组攻毒后24h和48h各免疫基因表达量均有所上调。Srr蛋白微球疫苗能够提高斑点叉尾抵抗海豚链球菌的能力,对海豚链球菌起到了一定的预防作用。

摘要: 瓶鼻海豚的精液采集训练吴乃江（香港海洋公园兽医及教育部，香港）关键词瓶鼻海豚，生殖裂，阴茎，阴茎末端，性兴奋ＴＲＡＩＮＩＮＧＢＯＴＴＬＥＮＯＳＥＤＯＬＰＨＩＮＳ（ＴＵＲＳＩＯＰＳＡＤＵＮＣＡＳ）ＦＯＲＳＥＭＥＮＣＯＬＬＥＣＴＩＯＮ￥ＷｕＮａｉｊｉａｎ...

摘要: 真海豚包括长喙真海豚 (Delphinuscapensis)和短喙真海豚 (D delphis) 2种 ,而中国水域的真海豚到底是哪一个种或是否同时有两个种的存在 ,并不清楚。本研究测定了 12头中国水域真海豚mtDNA控制区 (controlre gion) 3 66bp和细胞色素b (cytochromeb ,cytb)基因 3 3 6bp的序列 ,并与已发表的其它真海豚的序列合并分析 ,初步鉴定中国水域真海豚的分类地位。结果表明 ,中国水域的真海豚与东太平洋的长喙真海豚有相同的鉴别位点 ,且两者之间的核苷酸歧异度 (控制区 :1 93± 0 2 2 % ,cytb基因 :0 68± 0 19% )显著低于与短喙真海豚之间的差异 (控制区 :2 92± 0 41% ,cytb基因 :0 95± 0 2 7% )。通过MEGA (molecularevolutionarygeneticanal ysis)软件中的邻接法 (neighborjoining)进行的系统发生分析中 ,中国水域的真海豚与长喙真海豚聚成一支 ,有明显较近的亲缘关系。因此 ,中国水域的真海豚在分类上应归属于长喙真海豚

摘要: A Chinese White Dolphin (Sousa chinesis) was found to strand in a beach in Xiamen on February 2, 2002. For investigating the causes of this death, pathological anatomy was carried out on February 21, 2002 on site, and age determination and other histological pathology analyses were carried out in laboratory later. This specimen was 1.92 m long, and weighted 78 kg. The age was estimated as 1.5 years as an infancy individual. The body shape looked normal, except some skin was off because of decomposing. One fish was found in the stomach. No other fatal pathological changes were found in respiratory, digestive, reproductive and other systems. But, several bloody areas were found underneath the skin, and especially on the surface of the brain. Based on the results above, it is considered that this dolphin was killed by explosion for cleaning up the navigation channel that happened in the area several days before the specimen was found. For protecting the dolphins in this area, some conservation measures are proposed.