摘要: 文献资料表明 ,有关果子狸的已有研究主要集中于人工饲养繁殖和疾病防治 ,区域性的动物学野外考察报告仅几篇涉及果子狸。目前 ,尚缺乏关于果子狸的基础生物学数据。鉴于果子狸曾被怀疑是SARS的疫源动物 ,故应立即开展果子狸的亚种及分布、野生种群与生境监测、繁殖交配制度与扩散行为等项研究。此外 ,还有必要研究果子狸的潜在疾病和预防 ,并开展人工养殖果子狸品系的选育工作。

摘要: 2005年410月在湖北后河自然保护区,采集果子狸(Paguma larvata)粪便,应用频次法进行分析,再结合胃内容物分析,同时根据采食痕迹,对该物种春、夏和秋季的食物组成进行了研究。结果表明,果子狸食物组分以水果类植物(37·5%)、节肢动物(25·2%)为主,其次为非水果类植物(9·9%)和小型哺乳动物(7·1%)等。果子狸食物组成在不同的季节间有一定差异。春季,果子狸食物组成中以节肢动物(35·6%)为主,其次是非水果类植物(26·7%)和小型哺乳动物(15·6%),另外还有少量的软体动物(4·4%)和水果类植物(8·9%);夏季,果子狸食物组成转为以水果类植物(39·8%)和节肢动物(29·2%)为主,此外还有少量非水果类植物(2·7%)和小型哺乳动物(5·3%),以及少量鸟类(0·9%);秋季,果子狸食物组分中含有大量的水果类植物(63·9%),其他食物类别比例很小,包括鸟类(1·0%)、小型哺乳动物(0·6%)和爬行动物(0·4%)等。食物多样性指数显示,随着季节变化,果子狸食物多样性逐渐下降,小型哺乳动物和非水果类植物在其食性组成中逐渐下降,而水果类植物则转为最主要食物。

摘要: 本研究试图揭示 (1)社会环境影响雌性果子狸 (Pagumalarvata)的交配日期 ,(2 )哺乳期母兽有雌二醇浓度升高的现象。通过检查是否排出交配栓并结合交配行为的发生与否确定开始交配的日期 ,使用放射免疫方法测定尿中雌二醇浓度。结果表明 (1)一雄两雌组中优势雌兽开始交配的日期显著早于劣势雌兽和单雌组雌兽 ,劣势雌兽和单雌组雌兽之间无差异 ;交配期优势雌兽尿液中雌二醇浓度明显高于劣势雌兽 ,而与单雌组中的雌兽无差异 ,但单雌组中雌兽尿液中雌二醇的浓度明显高于劣势雌兽雌二醇的浓度 ;(2 ) 5头母兽产后第二天雌二醇浓度开始上升 ,在第 5天时达到高峰 ,其中 4头母兽的雌二醇浓度共出现了两个峰值 ,其间隔为 16 75± 4 4 6 (4)天。上述结果说明 :(1)社会影响仅对优势雌性个体的繁殖有促进作用 ;(2 )哺乳期雌二醇水平的升高是季节性多次发情的基础。

摘要: 描述了果子狸在繁殖期表现出的 1 7种个体行为、 1 4种社群行为和交配模式。个体行为包括侧卧、侧环卧、趴、蹲、静立、双脚站立、食粪、理毛、抓痒、嗅闻、标记、发情叫、雄性呜咽声、舔阴茎、咬阴部、食交配栓 ;社会行为包括仪式化格斗、雌性对雄性交配的抵抗、打斗、依偎、同性或异性之间彼此舔毛、雄性嗅闻雌性阴部及尿液、舔雌性阴部和错爬胯 ;交配行为主要在夜间进行 ,其交配模式为无锁结、 (可能 )多次插入、插入后抽动、一次性射精并在射精后保持插入状态 ,分属于 Dewsbury和 Dixson分类体系中的第 1 0种和第 9种类型。

摘要: We documented the activity tracks of masked palm civet(Paguma larvata)using radio-tracking and line-transects sampling methods from April to October of 2005.Sample plots(10 m×10 m)were centered on tracks found according to radio-tracking signals.Line transects were set randomly throughout the research area,and sample plots(10 m×10 m)were set at 150 m interval along line transects.Habitat selection by masked palm civet was studied by comparing the habitat properties recorded in both active(used by masked palm civet)and in active(unused by masked palm civet)sample plots.Principal components were analyzed for the habitat utilization of masked palm civet.In spring,canopy cover,distance to river,slope position,herbage cover and habitat type serve as important factors influencing habitat use by masked palm civet,and high canopy cover,proper distance to river,middle and higher slope position.In summer,distance to river served as the most important factor influencing habitat selection by masked palm civet,and slope position,vegetation types and canopy also were selectively used.In autumn,canopy cover,shrub cover and slope position were important for masked palm civet.Sunny slopes and high canopy cover were consistently used by masked palm civet,and slope position used was significantly different in different seasons.There were certain seasonal changes in slope position,distance to residents,herbage cover and distance to river used by masked palm civet.