摘要: 扁颅蝠(Tylonycteris pachypus)被列入《中国濒危动物红皮书》,是我国最小的蝙蝠之一。因其栖息于竹子中的特殊习性而备受人们关注。研究显示,扁颅蝠选择有虫蚀的粉单竹(Lingnania chungin)竹林栖息(洞口平均为43.79 mm×11.94 mm)。1997年8月在四川南充市金城山(N30°40′,E106°18′)发现的扁颅蝠,为其地理上最北分布。

摘要: 20 0 1 - 2 0 0 2年在广西宁明县和龙州县利用直接观察、捕捉测量 (共捕到 1 97群蝙蝠 ,全捕 1 80群 )和标记重捕法 (标记了 31群的 1 0 1只扁颅蝠 ,重捕到 36只 )比较研究了扁颅蝠 (Tylonycterispachypusa)与褐扁颅蝠 (T .robustula)的集群结构。结果发现 :扁颅蝠与褐扁颅蝠主要栖宿在刺竹 (Bambusastenostachya)的竹筒内 ,通过竹筒上的裂缝进出。扁颅蝠栖宿的竹筒长平均为 2 7 7cm ,外围直径平均为 2 3 6cm ;褐扁颅蝠的分别为 2 8 3cm和 2 3 8cm。扁颅蝠栖宿群大小为 1 - 2 4只 ,褐扁颅蝠栖宿群大小为 1 - 1 3只 ;2种蝙蝠的栖宿群中皆为独居所占比例最大 (扁颅蝠为 2 2 30 % ,褐扁颅蝠为 4 0 6 3% ) ,2只所占比例次之 (分别为 1 4 87%和1 8 75 % ) ,其它大小类型呈不规则变化。扁颅蝠栖宿群的性别组成 ,以雌雄混居最常见 (占 5 4 72 % ) ,其次为独居雄性 (占 2 0 95 % ) ,而褐扁颅蝠栖宿群雌雄混居群与独居雄性所占比例相当 (均为 4 0 6 3% )。 2种蝙蝠的雄性趋向于独居 ,而雌性趋向于群居。扁颅蝠与褐扁颅蝠可以栖宿在同一片竹林内 ,并且可以在不同时间轮流使用同一个栖宿竹筒 ,但 2种蝙蝠从未共栖于同一个竹筒内。另外 ,标记重捕扁颅蝠发现 :扁颅蝠经常变换栖宿竹筒 (栖宿竹筒不固定 ) ;同时

摘要: Since the 1990s, surveys of bats in China have resulted in outstanding results: Three new species have been described; five new country records; and ten new provincial records have been found. Tylonycteris (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae ) includes three species, T. pachypus, T. robustula and T. pygmaeus ( a new species described by Feng et al. [ 2008 ] found in Yunnan Province). These three species all roost within internodes of bamboo. The northernmost recorded distribution of T. pachypus is at Mt. Jincheng (N30°40', E106°18') , Nanchong City, Sichuan Province founded by Zhou et al. (2005). In November, 2006, T. robustula was also found in Yuechi County and Nanchong City, Sichuan Province. Yuechi County (N30°46', E106°28'; altitude 633 m) is the northernmost distribution of T. robustula recorded in the world and the first record of this species in Sichuan Province. From October to December 2007, T. robustula was found in Guizhou and Hainan Provinces, both also first provincial recordings for this species. The external measurements, morphological character, distribution, and conservation status of this species were recorded. These specimens were preserved al the Guangdong Entomological Institute, Guangzhou. We also reviewed the distributions of T. robustula in China, including Guangxi, Yunnan, Hainan, Guizhou, and Sichuan Provinces. The bamboo, which provides roosts for these three Tylonycteris sp. , is heavily used in these regions. Protection of bamboo forest habitat may ensure China's endemic Tylonycteris sp.survival.

摘要: 我们于2002～2007年在广西龙州县和宁明县采用标记重捕法对扁颅蝠的扩散行为进行研究,共标记669只(成体316只,亚成体353只;雌雄分别为293只和376只),重捕到139只(重捕率20.8%)。结果表明,大部分扁颅蝠雌雄后代在性成熟前发生扩散,其亚成体扩散率无性别差异(雄性82.2%,雌性66.7%;P>0.05)。对成年雌雄两性扩散率(雄性76.5%,雌性58.5%)的分析亦未见性别差异(P>0.05),但亚成体和成体合并结果显示雄蝠扩散率(80.7%)高于雌蝠(62.3%,P<0.01)。此外,我们还测量了扩散的距离,雄性后代的扩散距离(787.5±26.980m,n=37)比雌性(517.4±25.308m,n=24)远(P<0.01);在出现扩散的61只后代中,仅有一只(0.7%)雄性亚成体扩散到其它的竹林,其余个体均在出生竹林内的不同竹筒之间进行扩散。

摘要: 为探讨建立小型保护区(围栏)以及人工竹洞对广州市越秀公园内扁颅蝠及其栖息地的保护作用,2009年于园内竹林区建立了约2000m2的铁丝网围栏小型保护区,并且参考扁颅蝠自然竹洞的形态和大小,在保护区围栏内外各开凿20个人工竹洞供其选择栖息。经对该种蝙蝠种群数量及选择各类竹洞居住状况等调查发现,无论保护区内外,还是自然与人工的竹洞,扁颅蝠均会选择利用,说明开凿人工竹洞能为扁颅蝠提供更多的栖息选择。同时,观察数据显示保护区围栏内扁颅蝠栖息竹洞的毁坏程度低于保护区外。鉴于近年来公园内人为活动增加、竹林环境频遭改变破坏等因素出现,因此建立人为干扰更少的扁颅蝠围栏保护区以及打造人工竹洞等保护措施,有利于园内扁颅蝠种群的栖息繁衍。