摘要: The hairless mouse strain was first found in KM mice. It has been bred to 19 th generation for the time being. The life span of the hairless mice was about 24months under grade2 breeding , To testify whether they represent a new mutation strain, we studied their biological characters macroscopically. We found 2 hairless mice (a male and a female respectively) in the sibling of KM mice initially. They were kept and bred by means of random, complete, brother sister inbreeding. Fertility was once reduced in 7 th 9 th generations, but it gradually returned to normal by the method of random, cousin inbreeding. It has confirmed that hair loss of the mice had no relations with aging, nutrition, mainteiteining condition, parasitization and sexuality. Female mice had ability to suckle their children till ablactation. Immature KM hairless mice (KM HM) had pale white fuzz when ablactated. It began to lose hair at day 30. Little residual fuzz could be found around the eyes and root of the tail at day 30 to 42. Then they kept hairless for the rest of lives. The skin of KM HM was smooth and clear, through spleens, could be seen. Some folds of the skin appeared and became obvious on the head and lateral part of the body with aging. KM HM had thymus at birth, whose size and weight were almost the same as the counterparts faith normal hairs. Under grade 2 circumstances, the growth and reproductive ability of KM HM had no difference with that of hairy KM mice. The offspring produced at one pregnancy was from 3 to 13. The mother KM HM had the ability to suckle inborn and occasionally ate her babies in the firstborn. Solid tumors were observed occasionally in the mature mice, but when transplanted to other mice, they could not grow well and gradually disappear, some even did not grow. They occur in two mature female mice at present. Both are located in the trunk. One is about 5 to 6mm apart from groin, the other about 2 to 3mm apart from right forearm. KM HM had thymus and could keep alive when in conventional condition, which were different from nude mice without thymus. The character of KM HM, that their folds on the skin became evident with time going on, was similar to that of reported Yuyi hairless mice and Rhinoceros mice. But hair loss of rhinoceros mice began at 12d after birth, and a few separated hair still existed until 60d. Occasional sporadic tumors, residual fuzz only present in Certain areas and the lactation ability in these KM HM mice seemed to distinguish them from the Yuyi hairless mice. All of above suggest that further investigations need to be continued.
摘要: The mutant gene of BALB/c mutant hairless mice was assigned to chromosome 11, Genetic markers which have been tested suggested that the mutation is a new genetic locus that affected the skin and hair structure of the mouse .The mutation was named uncoved,with the symbol Uncv . Uncv has been accepted by International Naming Committee of Mice,and the gene information of Uncv has been receipted by the mice's genebank .The skin is the biggest organ of the body , and is also the main physiological barrier between vivo and vitro .The skin is albe to produce and keep the part immunoresponses , inflammation . Many immunoresponses are related to the skin .The dissecting and breeding of the mutant mice show that their immune organs are normal and they can adopt to the general conditions.Objective To further study the mutant gene's immune function of the BALB/c mutant hairless mice . Method\ We tested the parameters of the immune system about two day old、two month old hairless mice and mutant sparse coat mice . After testing the parameters of CD4+ 、CD3 + 、CD8 + 、CD19 + through flow cytometry and testing the IgG by ELISA.Results\ we found that CD19 + 、CD4 +/CD8 + of male are higher than female about two week old mutant mice with sparse coat , but CD8 + of female is higher than the male,CD4 +/CD8 + of male F 2 sparse coat mice is higher than the female, CD19 + 、IgG of male mutant hairless mice is higher than the female . There were no significant differences among the male and the female about the two month old mutant hairless mice and the mutant sparse coat mice, CD4+ of male F 2 two month old mutant hairless mice is higher than the female . Otherwise , we also found that the celluar immunity and humoral immunity of both two week old and two month old hairless mice are lower than the mutant sparse coat mice ;only the celluar immunity of F 2 mutant hairless mice is lower than the mutant sparse coat mice , but the humoral immunity is higher .The experiment suggest that the mutation of mutant hairless mice can down regulate the mice's immunity .Our studies showed that the mutant gene of BALB/c hairless mice affected the immune function.
摘要: The aim of genetic monitoring is to checking the genetic contamination within inbred starains,which insures that the strains according with the require of colony . At present the methods based on allozyme biochemistry are the National Standard instructed. methods that using microsatellite DNA would be more useful for genetic monitoring than methods based on allozyme biochemistry because the genome itself is being tested rather than a protein product and a larger portion of the genome can be sampled, and easy to distinguish. methods that using microsatellite DNA had abundant microsatellite loci(over 7300,before 1999) can be identified. Applying enough microsatellite loci will present abundant straps and well polymorphism, which can reflection inherit and variation of roundly genene.In addition, this novel approach allows the rapid, sensitive,convenientand accuracy, even individual identificaton. So we should select microsatellite DNA which is polymorphisms as genetic monitoring markers to determining the strains'origin and genetic background of inbred mice. Untill now Only feasibility has been reported,and in which microsatellite DNA loci have not enough polymorphisms to distinguish genetic differences.Articles on standards and practicality have not been founded in our country. With the optimization of components of reaction buffer and amplificaton parameter,PCR for amplification microsatellite DNA was finally set up.Using the techniques microsatellite DNA can amplified efficaciously. The final concentrations of Mg 2+ was 1 .5—3.0 mmol/L,annealing temperature was 50℃—65℃.The condition for the PCR amplify were ,94℃for 3min,30cycles of 94℃ for 30s, 50℃—65℃ for 30s,72℃ for 1min,finally at 72℃ for 1min,then store at 4℃. Ten kinds of inbred strain mice including C57BL/6J,C3H/He, TA1,TA 2,615,BALB/c ,DBA/2N,129/Sv,FVB/N,AMMS/1 were investigated by PCR analysis. 14 microsatellites DNA loci on different chromosomes which we selected applied in genetic monitoring is the first time on 10 commonly used inbred mouse strains. It showed that all these microsatellites DNA loci display single allelic gene band. Fourteen loci are polymorphisms, among which the polymorphisms of D1Mit365、D2Mit30、D3Mit51、D5Mit48、D6Mit102、D10Mit180、D11Mit128、D12Mit147、D14Mit102 and D17Mit36 are significant .These results suggest that these mice tested meet the request of inbred strain. The genetic background of TA1 was similar with that of TA 2,the similarity indices were from 14.3%( C57 between 129)to 92.9%( TA1 between TA 2).This means that TA1 and TA 2 had closer genetic relationship, C57 and 129 had farther relationship. In addition , the similarity indices of BALB/c and BALB/c-nu-nu was 92.9%,All show that strains or substrains can be distinguished by microsatellites DNA. Screened loci showing marked polymorphisms typically reflect the speciality of strains and genetic backgrounds, which could be used in determining the strains' origin and genetic background of mice.