摘要: 在Ｙ型迷宫中进行气味选择测定时，被试大仓鼠偏好异性的气味，证明身体气味有性吸引和性识别作用。在Ｙ型迷宫进行性别选择测定时，在雌雄靶鼠个体之间，被试大仓鼠不表现出性别偏好，这是攻击行为和交配行为共同影响的结果；与空白相比较，被试鼠都选择靶鼠，说明独居大仓鼠之间存在频繁的探究行为。通过观察箱内对两鼠间的行为关系的观察发现，异性之间主要有攻击行为和交配行为；同性之间主要发生攻击行为，同时胜鼠或优势鼠的胁腺标记行为显著多于从属鼠，说明胁腺标记可以表明优势地位；雄鼠与非性接受状态的雌鼠相遇时，攻击行为很少，但无友好行为，只有简单的雄鼠爬跨雌鼠的行为；任何陌生的雄鼠与性接受状态的雌鼠相遇发生交配行为，交配结束又相互攻击；交配行为表现为多次爬跨多次射精；雄鼠有库利奇（Ｃｏｏｌｉｄｇｅ）效应，雌鼠可以连续接受几只雄鼠的交配，表明大仓鼠为多配制的婚配制度。从行为关系和交配行为看大仓鼠在繁殖期独居，无固定的配偶

摘要: 根据黑龙江省哈尔滨市郊区人为鼠疫疫源地１９５２～１９９６年达乌尔黄鼠密度监测资料，建立了黄鼠密度的自回归模型Ｄｔ＝０１３７４＋１１３０２Ｄｔ－１－０４７５４Ｄｔ－２＋０８０３３Ｄｔ－３－０４６８０Ｄｔ－４，对１９９７～２０００年的密度进行了预测。１９５２～１９８０年，人工捕黄鼠率极为显著地影响黄鼠密度（Ｐ＜０００１）。在该地区，１９８２～１９９６年共捕啮齿动物６种，其中黄鼠和大仓鼠为野外优势种，褐家鼠为室内优势种，其余为常见种。大仓鼠、黑线仓鼠、黑线姬鼠均与夜行鼠总捕获率正相关（Ｐ＜００１），逐步回归模型为总捕获率＝０５２１９＋１１７３３大仓鼠＋１０３１２黑线仓鼠＋１１２７３小家鼠＋０９２４２褐家鼠（Ｐ＜００００１）。黄鼠密度与捕获率不相关（Ｐ＞０１０）。

摘要: To investigate differences of size and shape of skulls among rodent species and between male and female,we radiographed specimens and measured parameters of skulls of three species(Tscherskia triton,Cricetulus barabensis and Apodemus agrarius) collected from the Raoyang country,Hebei Province,China.The data was analyzed with MANOVA in general linear models by SPSS 13.0 for windows.The results showed that:The three rodent species were significantly different in SL,SW,GBS,FL,RBCL,RSL,RSW and RFL.SL,SW and GBS of Cricetulus barabensis were smaller than other two species.Tscherskia triton had dumpy skull according as the ratio of skull length and skull width was smallest among the three species.Male and female were different in SL,SW,RSW and RFL.Males were larger than female in many parameters of skull relative size.Species and sex factors had interaction effect on SL,GBS,GBS/SW and BCL/SW.The observed differences of skull size and shape among the three species and between genders can be used to distinguish the species and gender.

摘要: 在实验室条件下测定雄性大仓鼠体重对社会等级和斗殴行为的作用模式,检验体重对雄性大仓鼠社会等级及斗殴行为序列具有重要影响的假设。本实验以16只成年雄性大仓鼠为目标个体,采用等级内部的线性概率、组内循环三元组数量(d)和优势等级的线性度(K),排列个体的社会等级序位。研究结果表明,雄性大仓鼠可形成近似线性的优势等级,体重与个体的优势等级,攻击行为和胁腺标记行为均呈显著的正相关关系,与防御行为和攻击潜伏期存在显著的负相关关系。说明独居性物种大仓鼠雄体间可形成优势等级关系,体重对此关系具有重要的作用。

摘要: We first report the effect of a compound EP-1 (mixture of levonorgestrel and quinestrol) on male greater long-tailed hamsters (Tscherskia triton). Hamsters in the treatment group were provided with wheat baits with 0.001% EP-1 for six consecutive days, while hamsters in the control group were provided with plain wheat. One week and three weeks later, reproductive organs of hamsters of both groups were measured, respectively. We found the size or weight of testis, spermatophore and epididymis of the treatment group were significantly reduced compared to those of the control group, and this reduction was greater in the third week compared to that of the first week. The results indicate that EP-1 is able to reduce the fertility of both male and female hamsters.