摘要: 本文旨在明确一种长纺蛛科蜘蛛(Herslllldae sp.)体色特征,分析探讨这种生物学特征的潜在意义.先用光谱检测仪测量长纺蛛和其生境树皮的反射光谱,分析反射光谱特征;再构建视觉模型从鸟类捕食者视觉估算长纺蛛体色与背景树皮的颜色差异,推测其体色的生物学防御效果.反射光谱测量结果显示长纺蛛体色在可见光和紫外光波段反射率较低,而且波形没有变化,这表明长纺蛛身体颜色灰暗单一,和背景树皮颜色相似,但明暗度低于树皮.鸟类视觉模型结果发现:长纺蛛所有测量点在明暗视觉(远距离)的识别度值都高于识别阈值3,捕食者能根据长纺蛛与背景树皮的明暗差异定位识别出长纺蛛;但在颜色视觉(近距离)中所有测量点识别度值都介于1与3之间,只有环境光照强烈时捕食者才能识别,否则无法找出长纺蛛.可见,长纺蛛灰暗单一的体色是相对隐蔽的,具有一定的防御作用,但当环境光照强烈时,这种体色防御是可能被鸟类捕食者打破的.

摘要: 本文记述了采自南滚河国家级自然保护区的园蛛科新佳蛛属1中国新纪录种:暗色新佳蛛Neogea noc-ticolor(Thorell,1887),此前该种仅记载分布于东南亚地区,在我国分布系首次记录.这一发现扩大了该物种已知的地理分布区.本文对其雌性进行了重新描述,提供了彩色高清形态特征图,并根据采集信息制作了该物种的地理分布图,标本现保存于大理大学昆虫生物医药研究院(DUIER).

摘要: Based on the collections of the Field Museum of Natural History,a new species of the monotypic genus Martensikara Jäger,2021 from Madagascar(Ma.quadrituberculata sp.nov.)and a new species of the monotypic genus Micropoda Grall&Jäger,2022 from Papua New Guinea(Mi.bigyrus sp.nov.)are reported.Diagnoses,morphological descriptions,illustrations and distribution maps of the two new species are provided.

摘要: Two species of the genus Orchestina,O.apiculata Liu,Xiao&Xu,2016 and O.zhiwui Liu,Xu&Henrard,2019 from Yuelu Mountain,Hunan are recognized.The female and male specimens previously identified as O.apiculata were mismatched;the females belong to O.zhiwui.The females of O.apiculata are firstly discovered and described.Diagnoses of both sexes are provided to O.apiculata;the photomicroscopy images of the two species are given.

摘要: 为明确低剂量高效氯氰菊酯、辛硫磷和吡虫啉3种常用杀虫剂对蜕皮期星豹蛛捕食量的影响,以黑腹果蝇为猎物通过室内控制试验进行了测定.研究结果表明,在低剂量杀虫剂作用下,雌性星豹蛛在接触药物后的前5 d日均捕食量较对照组均有小幅升高,随后出现小幅下降;雄性星豹蛛在接触药物后的前5 d日均捕食量较对照组均有小幅下降,随后趋于接近.在相同处理条件下,雌性星豹蛛的日均捕食量均显著高于雄性星豹蛛.杀虫剂处理造成了蜕皮当日雌性星豹蛛捕食量的较大波动.同时,高效氯氰菊酯处理对蜕皮期雌性星豹蛛的日均捕食量有显著影响,蜕皮前期显著升高,而蜕皮后期显著下降.在相同处理条件下,雌性星豹蛛蜕皮前期的日均捕食量均显著低于蜕皮后期.该研究证明低剂量杀虫剂对蜕皮期星豹蛛的捕食量有重要影响,说明蜕皮期星豹蛛自身的生理压力可能放大了杀虫剂的生态风险.

摘要: Based on the collection of the Field Museum of Natural History,a new species of the genus Zorodictyna Strand,1907 from Madagascar is reported:Z.yuani sp.nov.(male).Diagnosis,morphological description and illus-trations are provided.

摘要: Two new species of the genus Draconarius Ovtchinnikov,1999 from Shaanxi and Shandong Province are described:Draconarius yananensis sp.nov.(♂♀)and Draconarius yunzhii sp.nov.(♂).All specimens have been deposited at the Centre for Behavioural Ecology and Evolution,College of Life Sciences,Hubei University,Wuhan,China(CBEE).

摘要: A new species Guizygiella haoyangi Yao&Liu,sp.nov.(♂)is reported from Fujian Province,China,and a new record of G.salta(Yin&Gong,1996)in Jiangxi Province.Detailed morphological descriptions,photographs of the body and genitalia of these two species are provided.

摘要: A new pholcid spider species,Khorata qunzhen Yao&Liu,sp.nov.,is described from Tianmen Moun-tain,Yangxi Village,Geling Town,Yongtai County,Fuzhou City,Fujian Province.Photographs and distribution map of this species are provided in the present study.

摘要: A new species of the genus Sinacosa is described from Nangunhe Nature Reserve,Yunnan,China:S.nan-gunheensis sp.n.(♂♀).Morphological descriptions,photos and illustrations of copulatory organs are provided,and a key to the Sinacosa species is also provided.